Getting a power chair or scooter ready for air travel
A trip by air with a power chair or scooter takes more planning than a trip by car, but it is very much possible. Most of the planning comes down to one thing: the battery. Airlines, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) all have something to say about it, and the device's maker is the best source of the details only they know.
This guide gathers the federal rules in one place and lists what to check before you book.
Start with the maker: what battery do you have?
Know three things about your battery before you contact an airline: its type (lithium-ion, or a sealed lead-acid such as AGM or gel), its watt-hour (Wh) rating, and whether it comes out of the device. Pride's lithium-ion FAQ says its devices are labeled to show the batteries have been tested and comply with UN38.3, and advises checking the battery watt-hours and contacting your airline before travel to confirm whether the product and battery are permitted.
Makers often say which of their batteries they consider suitable for flying, and which they do not. A few examples from the makers' own pages:
- Pride says the 8Ah battery on the Go Go Endurance Li is airline-safe, and that the larger 16Ah MAXX pack does not meet airline requirements.
- ComfyGO notes that the 30 Ah battery for the Z-4 scooter is not airline or cruise approved; the 12 Ah option is the one to look at for flights.
- Feather says the removable lithium battery on its Power Scooter is airline compliant and asks travelers to check each carrier's guidelines.
Even a maker's "airline compliant" label is not the final word. Every one of these makers tells you to check with your airline, and the FAA notes that individual airlines may have more restrictive rules.
What the FAA says about lithium-ion batteries
The FAA's PackSafe guidance for wheelchairs and mobility devices divides lithium-ion devices into two cases.
Battery installed and protected by the design
The battery may stay installed if it is securely attached to the device, protected against damage by the design of the wheelchair or mobility aid and by the shifting of baggage or cargo, and its terminals are protected from a short circuit. The battery cables may stay connected only if the device is protected from accidental activation.
Battery not adequately protected
If the device does not protect the battery, the lithium-ion battery must be removed, its terminals protected from short circuit, and the battery protected from damage, for example in a protective pouch. In that case, the FAA limits the battery to 300 watt-hours, it must travel in carry-on baggage only, and you must tell the airline where it is. The airline must notify the pilot in command.
Spare batteries
The FAA allows one spare battery not exceeding 300 Wh, or two spares not exceeding 160 Wh each, carried in the cabin, not checked. Lithium metal (non-rechargeable lithium) batteries are forbidden with these devices.
The FAA also notes that, though allowed, airlines may not be able to fit a folded device in the cabin, and that the device with its batteries removed may travel as checked baggage.
Sealed lead-acid batteries
For devices with non-spillable batteries, such as gel cell or absorbed electrolyte types, the FAA says the battery may stay installed if it is securely attached, protected from damage by the device's design, and its terminals are protected from short circuit. Federal airline rules add that if the battery is labeled by its maker as non-spillable, the airline must not require it to be removed and separately packaged, unless it is inadequately secured.
Your rights under the Air Carrier Access Act rules
The Department of Transportation's rules in 14 CFR part 382 set what airlines must do. A few points worth knowing:
- An airline must accept a battery-powered wheelchair or similar device, including the battery, as checked baggage when baggage compartment size and aircraft airworthiness allow, and may ask you to check in one hour before the general public.
- Generally, an airline may not require advance notice for services required by the rules, but it may require up to 48 hours' notice for some, including transporting an electric wheelchair on an aircraft with fewer than 60 seats and providing hazardous materials packaging for batteries.
- Wheelchairs and other mobility aids get priority for stowage in the baggage compartment, should be returned as close as possible to the aircraft door, and must be among the first items retrieved. The airline must tell you in writing, when you check a wheelchair or scooter, about your right to file a claim if it is mishandled.
Going through security
TSA says to tell the officer whether you can walk or stand before screening begins; if standing is difficult, you can ask for a chair or to be screened while seated in your wheelchair or scooter. Officers screen the device itself, including seat cushions and non-removable pouches, and removable items go through X-ray. TSA's item guidance says wheelchairs and mobility devices are permitted through the checkpoint but not into the aircraft cabin. If you want help at the checkpoint, TSA asks travelers to contact TSA Cares at least 72 hours before departure.
A checklist before you fly
- Find your battery's type and watt-hour rating on its label or in the owner's manual.
- Read what your device's maker says about air travel.
- Contact the airline when you book, and again a few days before, with the device's weight, folded size and battery details.
- Ask whether the airline wants the battery removed, and how it wants it packed.
- Bring simple written steps for folding or disassembly, and tape or caps for the battery terminals if the battery comes out.
- Take the joystick, cushion and any loose parts with you into the cabin if the airline allows.
- Photograph the device before check-in.
- Arrive early: the airline may ask you to check in an hour before other passengers.
Travel-friendly devices
If air travel is part of your plans, compare battery details on our product pages. Examples include the Pride Go Go Endurance Li, the Feather Power Scooter, the Golden Buzzaround CarryOn, the Pride Jazzy Carbon 27 and the Feather Power Scooter spare battery. Browse all mobility scooters and power wheelchairs.
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Sources
- FAA: PackSafe, Wheelchairs and Mobility Devices
- 14 CFR 382.27: advance notice
- 14 CFR 382.125: stowage of mobility aids in the cargo compartment
- 14 CFR 382.127: battery-powered mobility aids
- TSA: Disabilities and Medical Conditions
- TSA: Battery powered wheelchairs and mobility devices
- TSA: Passenger Support
- Pride Mobility: Lithium-ion Battery FAQs
- Pride Mobility: Go Go Endurance Li specifications
- ComfyGO: Z-4 mobility scooter
- Feather Mobility: Power Scooter
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